Lagos

Shiga Masarauta ko Jaha

Gabatarwa

Lagos, suna ne na wani tsibiri wanda jelar tekun Atlantika ta yi wa ƙawanya, wanda kuma daga baya ya bunƙasa ya zama babban birni mai tarihi da kuma tasiri a Najeriya da ma ahiyar Afirka baki ɗaya. A yanzu haka kuma, shi ne matsuginin fadar gwamnatin Jahar Lagos da kuma fadar Masarautar Eko (Lagos).

Sunan wannan gari ya karaɗe duniyar dauri da ta yau saboda zamowarsa babbar cibiyar hada-hadar bayi mafi tasiri a duk faɗin Arewacin layin Ikwato (Equator), a tsakiyar ƙarni na goma sha tara; wato layin da ake ƙaddara cewa ya raba duniya gida biyu a giciye; Kudu da Arewa daidai da kuma zamowar garin magamar da ke sada tsakanin ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka da kuma Turai a tsakankanin 1760 zuwa 1850. Wanda kafin wannan lokacin, Turawan suna gaurayuwa ne da jama’ar Afirka ta Arewaci albarkacin Kasuwancin Hamada (Mann, 2007).

Lagos ne gari na farko da ya fara faɗawa ƙarƙashin mulkin Sarauniyar Ingila a Najeriya a cikin shekarar 1861 duk da cewa yunƙurin ƙwace garin ya fara ne tun kafin wannan lokacin; shi ne garin da ya fara zama fadar gwamnatin Najeriya; shi ne matattar wayewa da kuma siyasar Najeriya sannan kuma maƙyanƙyasar fafutikar samun ‘yancin kan Najeriya da ma ƙasashen Afirka ta Yamma. Wadda fitattun ‘yan kishin ƙasa irin su Herbert Macaulay suka assassa daga baya kuma irin su Dakta Nnamdi Azikwe da Obafemi Awololo suka ɗora.

Wannan shafi da ka shigo, ya ƙuduri aniyar baka labari bakin gwargwado game da wannan gari mai tarihi ta hanyar sada ka da ingantacce kuma tataccen labarin da aka tattara ta hanyar karanta ingantattun littattafai, ziyarar gani da ido da kuma tattaunawa da waɗanda abin ya shafa da suka haɗa da hukumomi, sarakuna da kuma jama’ar garin na Lagos.

Taswirar Tsibirin Lagos Kewaye da ruwa kamar yadda aka alamta da jan launi.
Hoto:Google Map

Suna

Asalin sunan wannan gari shi ne Eko, wanda kuma kalma ce da ke da ma’ana ta sansanin mayaƙa a cikin harshen Edo, kamar yadda ya zo a (Mann, 2007; Durosinmi-Etti da tawagarta, 1998). Durosinmi-Etti da tawagarta (1998) suka ce, sunan yana iya zama jirkitaccen sunan kalmar Yarabanci ce ta Oko wadda ke da ma’ana ta gona.

Sannan kuma ana kiran wannan gari da suna Lagos, wanda shi kuma suna ne da Turawan Fotugal (Portuguese) suka raɗa masa sakamakon zuwan da suka yi a cikin shekarun 1472 da kuma 1482, bisa dalilin cewa, garin ya yi kama da wani gari nasu mai suna Lagos de Curamo ta fuskacin ruwa da kuma yanayin ƙasa. Saboda haka sai suka cire kalmar ƙarshe suka ɗauki ta farko suna kiran garin da shi wanda kuma sunan ya bishi har yau ɗin nan. Kusan ma ana iya cewa, a hukumance shi ne sunan garin. Amma fa duk da haka, ‘yan asalin garin da sunansa na asali suke kiransa wato Eko. Kusan a ziyarar aiki da na kai a cikin watan Disambar 2019 zuwa Fabarairun 2020, na lura da cewa daga duk sauran garuruwan da za a hau mota zuwa tsibirin Lagos ɗin, za ka ji ana kiran Eko. 

Kafuwa

Gari ne da ya amsa sunan ka-zo-na-zo; wanda ya fara daga ɗan ƙaramin matsugunnin wasu jama’a masu kamun kifi (Mann, 2007), daga baya kuma Ƙabilar Yarabawa jinsin Awori suka zo suka taras da su a cikin ƙarni na goma sha biyar (Mann, 2007). Durosinmi-Etti da tawagarta, (1998), sun aminta da zuwan Yarabawan Awori wannan gari a cikin wannan ƙarni na goma sha biyar tare da cewa su ne mutanen farko da suka fara zama a wannan guri. Haka nan ma Farfesa Ajetunmobi (babu shekara) ya gamsu da maganar zuwan Awori tare kuma da kafa garin Lagos.

Mann (2007), ta ruwaito Bajamishe, Josua Ulsheimer a matsayin wanda ya ganewa idanuwansa samuwar wani katangaggen gari a tsibirin na Eko wanda mazauna cikinsa zallar mayaƙan rundunar Sarkin Edo ne a lokacin zaiyararsa ta aiki a cikin shekarar 1603.

Rukunin mutane na biyu da suka zo Lagos su ne mutanen Bini (Benin), waɗanda Durosinmi-Etti da tawagarta (1998), suka bayyana cewa su ne asalin mutanen da suka fara asassa sarauta a garin na Eko a cikin shekarar 1603 bayan samun nasarar yaƙi da suka yi a ƙarshen ƙarni na goma sha shida wanda a wannan yaƙi suka fatattaki Yarabawan Awori tare da kashe kakansu Olofin Ogunfunminire a yaƙin da suka yi a Iddo. Labarin yaƙin, Kotun (1998), ma ya ruwaito shi.

Tawaga ta uku kuma ta mutanen da suka kafa Lagos su ne Saro waɗanda su kuma ‘yantattun bayi ne daga Salo (Sierra Leone). Durosinmi-Ette da tawagarta (1998), sun ce za ka taras yawancin waɗannan mutane suna da sunayen Turawa sannan kuma sun zauni Olowogbowo/Offin wanda aka fi sani da Ehingbeti da ke kan hanyar Marina daga Arewa.

Sai kuma mutanen Barazil waɗanda suka zauni unguwar Popo Aguda tare da sauran ‘Yan Mishan. Waɗanda suka kuma mutane ne da suka samu ‘yancin kansu bayan haramta cinikin bayi da aka yi.

Hausawa da Fulani daga Arewacin Najeriya, suna daga cikin mutanen da aka kafa Lagos da su. Sun shigo Eko a shekarar 1860 inda suka zauni unguwar Ago wadda ke da ma’ana ta Layin Hausa. Daga baya kuma da suka yawaita suka kafa Unguwar Obalende a cikin shekarar 1900 zuwa 1906. Ƙari a kan wannan kuma su Hausawa su suka fara kafa rundunar tsaro mai suna Hausa Guard ko kuma Hausa Constabulary, Durosinmi-Ette da tawagarta (1998); ƙungiyar da ita ce tushen kafuwar rundunar ‘Yansanda Najeriya da ake da ita a yanzu. Obaro (2014), da kuma Okereke (2012) sun ƙarfafi wannan magana. Wasu unguwannin da Hausawa suka kafa akwai Alousa da Agege, (Gatawa, 2013); Oshodi (Tijjani, 2008) da sauran su. Duba wannan shafin domin samun cikakken bayanin zuwan Hausawa Lagos da kuma gudnmawar da suka bayar wajen haɓɓaka garin na Lagos.

Rukunin mutanen ƙarshe da aka kafa Lagos da su su ne Egba, waɗanda Gwamnan Lagos J.H. Glover ya tsugunnar a Ebute-Metta.

Wannan ita ce magana game da wannan gari mai suna Lagos da kuma waɗanda suka kafa shi; Awori, Bini, Salo, Mutanen da suka dawo daga Barazil (Bayi da aka ‘yanta), Hausawa daga ƙarshe kuma Egba.

A bisa wannan dalili, Durosinmi-Etta da Tawagarta (1998), a cikin littafinsu wanda suka rubuta a hukumance bias kulawar Hukumar Yaɗa Labarai, Al’adu da Wasanni ta Jahar Lagos (Lagos State Ministry of Information, Culture and Sports) sannan kuma ta ɗauki nauyin wallafawa suka ayyana Eko-Awori; Edo (Binin kenan); Saro; Mutanen da suka dawo daga Barazil; Fatake daga Arewacin Najeriya (Hausawa, Fulani da sauran su) da kuma Egba a matsayin ‘yan asali kuma mamallaka tsibiri (Island) da ya haɗa da Lagos Island, Ikoyi, Victoria Island, Iddo-Otto, Ijora, da kuma Apapa. Wannan kuma shi ne cikakken adalci abin koyi ga dukkan sauran garuruwan Najeriya.

Manazarta

Durosinmi-Etti A.O. da tawagarta (1998). Welcome to Lagos Centre of Excellence, An Authoritative Guided Book on Lagos State of Nigeria. Printed Royal Press Limited, Lagos for Lagos State Ministry of Information, Culture and Sports.

Gatawa M.M (2013). Inter-group relations in historical perspectives: A case study of Yoruba and Hausa communities of Agege, Lagos, Nigeria. Usmanu Danfofiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria. African Journal of History and Culture. An ciro a shekarar 2020 daga shafin: http://www.academicjournals.org/AJHC

Kotun B. (1998). The History of Eko Dynasty. Lagos State Ministry of Information and Culture.

Mann K. (2007). Slavery and the Birth of an African City Lagos, 1760–1900. Indiana University Press 601 North Morton Street Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA.

Obaro O. A. (2014). The Nigeria Police Force and the Crisis of Legitimacy: Re-defining the Structure and Function of the Nigeria Police. Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. European Scientific Journal March 2014 edition Ɓol.10, No.8 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431

Okereke B. B. (2012). The Role of Nigeria Police Force in the Administration of Justice: Issues and Challenges Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, An ciro daga shafin: http://www.kubanni.abu.edu.ng/jspui/bistream, a shekarar 2019

Tijjani A. (2008). The Hausa Community in Agege, Nigeria 1906 – 1967. Department of General Studies, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. J. Soc. Sci., 17(2): 173-180 (2008). An ciro a shekarar 2020, daga shafin: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/ɓiewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.559.5190&rep=rep1&type=pdf

• Tarihin Najeriya

• Shafin Tarihi
• Ƙasar Yarabawa
• Waƙoƙin Yarabawa
• Yarabawa
• Awori
• Hausawa
• Lagos
• Jahar Lagos

Sarakuna

• Rilwanu Akiolu
• Adeyinka yekani II
• Adeniji Adele
• Falolu
• Esugbayi
• Sanusi-Olusi
• Ibikunle-Akitoye
• Esugbayi
• Oyekan
• Dosunmu
• Akintoye
• Kosoko
• Akintoye
• Oluwole
• Idewu Ojilari
• Eshilokun
• Adele Ajosun
• Olugun Kutere
• Eletu Kekere
• Akinsomoyin
• Gabaro
• Ado

Kasuwanni

Bukukuwa

Tura wannan shafi zuwa ga abokai ta:

Latsa madannin "Like" ka nuna goyon baya ko kuma "Share" ka yaɗa shafin